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Safe Harbor 401k Plan

A Safe-Harbor 401k plan offers a minimum level of contributions to all employees, freeing owners and highly paid employees to contribute as much as possible to their own 401k plans.

A safe harbor 401k plan is ideal for a young business owner looking to start small and put aside some money for retirement.

Safe Harbor 401k Plans

What is a Safe Harbor 401k Plan?

A plan is a 401k Safe Harbor plan if you agree to make some minimal contributions to your employees in a pension plan. A traditional 401k plan allows you to contribute up to $23,000 and another $7,500 if you are older than 50. These limits are for 2024 and are adjusted each year. If you have employees, the IRS mandates you to provide a 401k plan to your employees so that they can start saving for retirement. In order to ensure that retirement plans are not too skewed in favor of highly compensated employees, the IRS requires certain compliance testing to be done. These tests can be complicated and can create significant overhead for you as a business owner.

There are two types of Safe Harbor 401k Plans.

Non-Elective Safe Harbor Plan
In a Safe Harbor Non-Elective plan, you are required to make a contribution equivalent to 3% of W-2 compensation to all eligible employees.
Matching Safe Harbor Plan
Within a Safe Harbor matching plan you are required to make a contribution only to employees who contribute to the 401k plan. The amount of contribution will be equal to their 401k contribution up to a maximum of 4% of their W-2 compensation.

Benefits of Safe Harbor 401k Plans

Safe Harbor 401k plans can be a better option for employers looking for ways to bypass some compliance tests. In exchange for the “safe harbor” status, employers are obliged to pay employers’ contributions.

A Safe Harbor Plan 401k will automatically be considered to meet some of the essential compliance tests.

Employer contributions made through Safe Harbor 401k are tax-deductible, reducing the employer’s taxable income.

As 401k can bypass certain compliance tests, all plan participants can maximize their contributions to the IRS limits.

The required mandatory employer contributions mean the 401k plan will be an attractive benefit to employees, which can help attract and retain employees and encourage them healthy plan participation.

So, what plan do you want to choose?

The cost of funding the retirement plan will vary significantly depending on which plan you choose. If you estimate that only a few employees will participate in the pension plan, then a safe harbor matching plan might prove to be a better option. Anecdotal evidence suggests that employees earning less than $30-40k annually do not contribute to a 401k plan. If you have employees with compensations in that range, a safe harbor matching design will reduce your pension funding costs.
However, if you expect all employees to contribute some amounts to the 401k plan, then the safe harbor non-elective design will prove beneficial.
Is a Safe Harbor 401(k) Plan right for my company?
Determining whether a Safe Harbor 401k plan is suitable for your company depends on various factors. Consider the size and structure of your workforce, your company’s financial situation, and your goals for employee benefits and retention. Safe Harbor plans offer advantages such as simplified compliance, enhanced employee participation, and tax benefits. However, they also require mandatory employer contributions and adherence to specific IRS regulations. Consulting with a financial advisor or retirement plan expert can help assess whether a Safe Harbor 401k plan aligns with your company’s objectives and resources. By evaluating these factors, you can make an informed decision about implementing a Safe Harbor 401k plan for your company.

Safe Harbor 401k Deadlines 2024

Establishing a Safe Harbor 401k plan involves critical deadlines. By August 23, 2024, set up your Guideline Safe Harbor 401k Plan for the year. Send a 30-day notice to employees by September 1, 2024. The plan becomes effective on October 1, 2024, exempt from most nondiscrimination testing for 2024. Employer contributions are due by the business tax return deadline, and employee elective deferrals should be promptly deposited. Adhering to specific IRS guidelines for mid-year amendments and plan terminations, including proper notice to employees, is crucial. Stay informed to maintain compliance and optimize the benefits of Safe Harbor 401k plans for both employers and employees.

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